Common Causes of Hair Fall and How to Address Them

1. Genetics and Hereditary Hair Loss (Androgenetic Alopecia)

A leading cause of hair loss, particularly among men, is androgenetic alopecia, also known as male-pattern or female-pattern baldness. This hereditary condition can begin as early as the teenage years, though it usually manifests in the mid-20s or later. In men, androgenetic alopecia often leads to a receding hairline and thinning at the crown, while women typically experience diffuse thinning across the scalp. Unlike men, women rarely suffer from complete baldness.

While genetic hair loss cannot be completely cured, several treatments can slow its progression. Over-the-counter topical treatments, and prescription medications designed to treat alopecia can help. More permanent options include laser therapy and hair transplants. For those who prefer natural remedies, using hair oils that contain Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) has shown promise in improving scalp health, potentially strengthening hair follicles and reducing hair loss.

2. Autoimmune illnesses

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition that causes patchy hair loss. It typically begins with a small bald spot on the scalp, which may expand or regrow spontaneously. In some cases, it can also affect other body hair. Alopecia areata is the second most common type of hair loss after male pattern baldness and can occur at any age in both men and women, though it most commonly affects children and young adults.

Alopecia areata is primarily linked to autoimmune conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles, leading to hair loss. It is often associated with other autoimmune disorders such as thyroid disease (e.g., Hashimoto's thyroiditis), vitiligo, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes. These conditions share the common trait of immune dysregulation, where the body mistakenly targets its own cells and tissues.

Treatment options for alopecia areata vary based on the severity of the condition. For mild cases, corticosteroid creams or injections are commonly used to reduce inflammation and stimulate hair regrowth. Topical immunotherapy may also be applied to trigger an allergic reaction that stimulates hair follicles.

In more severe cases, systemic treatments such as oral corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs like may be prescribed.

3. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in women, can significantly influence hair growth cycles. Events like pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, and conditions such as thyroid disorders and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) can disrupt hormone levels, leading to hair loss. For example, women may notice thicker hair during pregnancy due to elevated oestrogen levels, only to experience postpartum hair shedding as hormone levels return to normal.

Addressing the underlying hormonal imbalance is key. For menopause-related hair loss, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be beneficial. Similarly, thyroid-related hair loss often improves when the thyroid condition is treated. Alongside medical treatments, a nutrient-rich diet plays a crucial role. Consuming foods high in vitamins and minerals, especially those supporting hormonal balance, can help maintain healthy hair.

4. Nutritional Deficiencies

Your hair’s health is a reflection of your overall nutrition. Hair is often one of the first areas of the body to show signs of nutrient deficiency. Diets lacking in essential vitamins and minerals, such as iron, zinc, vitamin D, biotin, and proteins, can lead to weakened hair and excess shedding. Individuals following restrictive diets, such as vegans and vegetarians, may be at a higher risk of developing nutritional deficiencies that affect hair.

Ensuring your diet includes a variety of nutrients is crucial. Foods rich in iron, like leafy greens, beans, and lean meats, can help prevent iron-deficiency anaemia, which is a common cause of hair thinning, especially in women. Biotin is also essential for hair health, and a deficiency in biotin can cause hair thinning.

5. Stress and Emotional Trauma

Stress is another major factor contributing to hair loss. It can lead to a condition known as telogen effluvium, in which a large portion of hair follicles prematurely enters the resting phase, causing noticeable shedding. While stress-related hair loss is usually temporary, it can persist if stress levels remain high over an extended period.

Managing stress is essential to reduce hair loss. Incorporating relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, and deep-breathing exercises can significantly lower stress levels. Regular physical activity also plays a role in reducing stress hormones, which indirectly benefits hair health. Additionally, scalp massages with natural oils not only relax the mind but also improve circulation, which can promote hair growth.

6. Excessive Use of Heat and Chemical Styling Products

Frequent use of heat-styling tools such as straighteners, curling irons, and blow dryers can damage the hair cuticle, resulting in dry and brittle hair prone to breakage. Similarly, harsh chemical treatments, such as colouring, perming, and relaxing, weaken the hair shaft and contribute to hair loss. Over time, repeated exposure to these treatments may cause permanent hair damage.

To prevent damage, minimize the use of heat-styling tools and chemical treatments. If you do use these tools, always apply a heat-protectant spray and keep the temperature low. Opt for gentler styling methods and give your hair regular breaks from harsh treatments. Incorporating nourishing hair masks and oils into your routine can also restore moisture and vitality to damaged hair.

7. Scalp Infections and Disorders

Scalp conditions such as dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and fungal infections can cause hair loss by damaging hair follicles and impairing healthy hair growth. These conditions often lead to inflammation, itching, and flaking, which can exacerbate hair fall if left untreated.

Proper treatment of scalp infections is vital for restoring hair health. Topical treatments, including medicated shampoos and antifungal medications, can effectively address conditions like dandruff and psoriasis. In addition, maintaining a clean and well-moisturized scalp helps prevent future infections and supports healthy hair growth.

8. Environmental Factors

Exposure to environmental pollutants such as dust, smoke, and UV-rays can weaken hair and lead to breakage and thinning. Hard water, which contains high levels of calcium and magnesium, can also cause scalp irritation and buildup, contributing to hair loss.

Protecting your hair from environmental damage is crucial. Wearing a hat or scarf when exposed to harsh weather or pollution can shield your hair. Washing your hair with filtered water can reduce the adverse effects of hard water. Incorporating herbal hair oils into your haircare routine can create a protective barrier around the hair shaft, defending against pollutants and UV rays.

9. Medications and Medical Treatments

Certain medications, including those used to treat cancer, high blood pressure, arthritis, and depression, can cause hair loss as a side effect. Chemotherapy, for instance, is well-known for inducing temporary hair loss. In some cases, hair regrowth may begin after the medication is discontinued, while in others, the thinning may be more permanent.

If you suspect your medication is causing hair loss, consult your doctor to discuss alternative treatments or adjustments to your dosage. For individuals undergoing chemotherapy, hair loss is typically temporary, and hair regrowth often starts after treatment ends.

Hair fall is influenced by numerous factors, as you can see. While dealing with hair loss can be frustrating, there are numerous ways to slow the process and even promote regrowth. Natural remedies, such as amla oil, can nourish the scalp and strengthen hair, making them an excellent complement to medical treatments.

Amla oil, derived from the Indian gooseberry, is packed with vitamin C and other essential nutrients, like antioxidants, and essential fatty acids, and has been used for centuries to combat hair loss and enhance hair quality. Amla known for its cooling and conditioning properties, and can restore moisture to dry, damaged hair and reduce breakage. With its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, Amla can soothe an irritated scalp and fight off infections.

By addressing the underlying causes of hair fall and incorporating the right treatments, lifestyle changes, and natural remedies, you can maintain healthy, strong, and beautiful hair!